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Analysis and Mathematical Description of the Ideal Thermotropic Cycle of Internal Combustion Engines

Received: 25 July 2018     Accepted: 18 September 2018     Published: 29 October 2018
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Abstract

A mathematical model of an ideal thermotropic cycle is proposed, which extends the idea of real working processes in the internal combustion engine (ICE). The thermotropic cycle the same for diesel, gasoline and gas ICE, and also provides significantly better correspondense to the real cycles than classical cycles. Heat supply to the cycle is carried out in the form of a combined process "compression-expansion". The combined process consists of two incomplete thermotropic processes and with a high degree of approximation reproduces the laws of real combustion processes in the ICE, from compression to expansion. The mathematical model of the basic thermotropic process is based on the laws of molecular kinetic theory and thermodynamics of ideal gases. The main thermotropic process is based on three fundamental equations of thermodynamics: differential equations of the first law of thermodynamics and the law of heat exchange of the external source of the working medium, as well as the equation of state (Clapeyron). The heat of the process in the thermotropic process, in contrast to the polytropic, is an independent value and takes into account fuel consumption. The equation of the main thermotropic process has additivity, which allows us to consider its parameters as the sum of the adiabatic and thermal components of the process occurring in the gas mixture. An important feature of the thermotropic process is also the variable heat capacity of the process. The gas laws of classical thermodynamics are special cases of a new process. The advantage of the new cycle model is mathematical simplicity. The initial system of equations made it possible to perform precise integration and express the equations of processes and cycles in elementary functions. Precise integration ensured high accuracy of estimation of influencing factors contained in the model and absolute convergence of thermal and material balances of the cycle. A number of elements of the theory of thermotropic processes and cycles can be used to replace isochoric-isobaric-polytropic combustion models in undergraduate and specialist studies. This is facilitated by the absence of the need for complex computer programs that significantly complicate the development of educational material. In General, models with more complex laws of heat supply can be useful for undergraduates and graduate students to pre-evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed project activities to improve the internal combustion engine.

Published in Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11
Page(s) 97-102
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Thermotropic Thermodynamic Process, Thermotropic Process "Compression-Expansion", Thermotropic Ideal Cycle

References
[1] Vukalovich M. P., Novikov I. I. Engineering thermodynamics. Moscow-Leningrad, Gosenergoizdat, 1952, 567 p.
[2] Technical thermodynamics. Drugakov E. V., Kozlov N. I., Korneichuk I. K., etc. Under the editorship of Professor Krutov V. I. Textbook for technical colleges. Moscow, Higher school, 1971, 472 p.
[3] Zlobin V. G., Korotkova T. V., Technical thermodynamics. Textbook. Publishing house Spbgturp. 2011, 149 p. Il 52.
[4] Белов Г. В. Техническая термодинамика. Учебное пособие для академического бакалавриата. М., Издательство Юрайт. 2017. 252 p. ISBN 978-5-9916-9743-9.
[5] Bulidorova G. V., Galyametdinov Y. G., Yaroshevsky, H. M., Barabanov V. P. Physical chemistry. Book 1. Fundamentals of chemical thermodynamics. Textbook. Kazan., KSTU, 2011 - 218 p. - 978-5-7882-1151-0
[6] Orlin A. S. and others. Theory of working processes of piston and combined engines. Moscow, Publishing House "Mechanical engineering". 1971. 400 p.
[7] Kavtaradze R. Z. The theory of piston engines. Special chapter. Textbook for universities. M.: Izd-vo MGTU im. N. E. Bauman, 2008. 720 p.
[8] Internal combustion engine. In 3 kN. kN. 1. Theory of working processes. Textbook for high schools/ V. N. Lukanin, K. A. Morozov, A. S. Melikset khachiyan and others; Under the editorship of corresponding member. - cor. Ran, prof., Dr. Techn. Sciences V. N. Lukanina. M., Higher school, 2005. -479 p. ISBN 5-06-004142-5
[9] Stolbov M. S., Efros V. V. Analysis and mathematical description of the ideal thermotropic cycle engine. Bulletin of engineering. 2016, June. P. 82-86. ISSN 0042-4633.
[10] Yastrzhembskiy A. S. Thermodynamics and history of its development. Moscow-Leningrad, ed. "Energy", 1966, 667 p.
[11] Shule V. Technical thermodynamics. vol. 1, Moscow-Leningrad, The main edition of the energy literature, 1935, 412 p.
[12] Stolbov M. S. Thermodynamic basis of heat release characteristics in combustion engine // XII Intern. scientific.- prakt. Conf. "Fundamental and applied problems of perfection of piston engines". Vladimir: Vladimir State University, 2010. P. 240-245. ISBN 978-5-9984-0079-7.
[13] Stolbov M. S. Heat transfer from the gases to the walls of the cylinder of a tractor diesel engine with air cooling. // Proceedings of the NATI, number 198, Moscow, ONTI NATI, 1968. P. 39 – 79.
[14] Vibe I. I.. New about the working cycle of engines. Moscow-Sverdlovsk, MASHGIZ, 1962, 271 p.
[15] Luzin N. N. Integral calculus. Moscow, State. publishing "Higher school", 1961. S. 416.
[16] Анго A. Математика для электро- и радиоинженеров, М., Изд-во «Наука», Гл. редакция физ.-мат. литературы, 1967. С. 780.
[17] Lungu K. N., Makarov E. V. the Higher mathematics. Textbook. Part 1, Moscow, Fizmatlit, 2013 - p. 217 - 978-5-9221-1500-1.
[18] Stolbov M. S. Thermotropic gas processes and cycles. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing RU, 2018, p. 121. ISBN 978-613-7-75075-9.
[19] Inozemtsev N. V., Koshkin V. K. Combustion Processes in engines. Moscow, MASHGIZ, 1949, p. 344.
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    Mikhail Stolbov. (2018). Analysis and Mathematical Description of the Ideal Thermotropic Cycle of Internal Combustion Engines. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 3(4), 97-102. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11

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    Mikhail Stolbov. Analysis and Mathematical Description of the Ideal Thermotropic Cycle of Internal Combustion Engines. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2018, 3(4), 97-102. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11

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    AMA Style

    Mikhail Stolbov. Analysis and Mathematical Description of the Ideal Thermotropic Cycle of Internal Combustion Engines. Eng Appl Sci. 2018;3(4):97-102. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11,
      author = {Mikhail Stolbov},
      title = {Analysis and Mathematical Description of the Ideal Thermotropic Cycle of Internal Combustion Engines},
      journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {97-102},
      doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20180304.11},
      abstract = {A mathematical model of an ideal thermotropic cycle is proposed, which extends the idea of real working processes in the internal combustion engine (ICE). The thermotropic cycle the same for diesel, gasoline and gas ICE, and also provides significantly better correspondense to the real cycles than classical cycles. Heat supply to the cycle is carried out in the form of a combined process "compression-expansion". The combined process consists of two incomplete thermotropic processes and with a high degree of approximation reproduces the laws of real combustion processes in the ICE, from compression to expansion. The mathematical model of the basic thermotropic process is based on the laws of molecular kinetic theory and thermodynamics of ideal gases. The main thermotropic process is based on three fundamental equations of thermodynamics: differential equations of the first law of thermodynamics and the law of heat exchange of the external source of the working medium, as well as the equation of state (Clapeyron). The heat of the process in the thermotropic process, in contrast to the polytropic, is an independent value and takes into account fuel consumption. The equation of the main thermotropic process has additivity, which allows us to consider its parameters as the sum of the adiabatic and thermal components of the process occurring in the gas mixture. An important feature of the thermotropic process is also the variable heat capacity of the process. The gas laws of classical thermodynamics are special cases of a new process. The advantage of the new cycle model is mathematical simplicity. The initial system of equations made it possible to perform precise integration and express the equations of processes and cycles in elementary functions. Precise integration ensured high accuracy of estimation of influencing factors contained in the model and absolute convergence of thermal and material balances of the cycle. A number of elements of the theory of thermotropic processes and cycles can be used to replace isochoric-isobaric-polytropic combustion models in undergraduate and specialist studies. This is facilitated by the absence of the need for complex computer programs that significantly complicate the development of educational material. In General, models with more complex laws of heat supply can be useful for undergraduates and graduate students to pre-evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed project activities to improve the internal combustion engine.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Analysis and Mathematical Description of the Ideal Thermotropic Cycle of Internal Combustion Engines
    AU  - Mikhail Stolbov
    Y1  - 2018/10/29
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11
    T2  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
    JF  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
    JO  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
    SP  - 97
    EP  - 102
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1468
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20180304.11
    AB  - A mathematical model of an ideal thermotropic cycle is proposed, which extends the idea of real working processes in the internal combustion engine (ICE). The thermotropic cycle the same for diesel, gasoline and gas ICE, and also provides significantly better correspondense to the real cycles than classical cycles. Heat supply to the cycle is carried out in the form of a combined process "compression-expansion". The combined process consists of two incomplete thermotropic processes and with a high degree of approximation reproduces the laws of real combustion processes in the ICE, from compression to expansion. The mathematical model of the basic thermotropic process is based on the laws of molecular kinetic theory and thermodynamics of ideal gases. The main thermotropic process is based on three fundamental equations of thermodynamics: differential equations of the first law of thermodynamics and the law of heat exchange of the external source of the working medium, as well as the equation of state (Clapeyron). The heat of the process in the thermotropic process, in contrast to the polytropic, is an independent value and takes into account fuel consumption. The equation of the main thermotropic process has additivity, which allows us to consider its parameters as the sum of the adiabatic and thermal components of the process occurring in the gas mixture. An important feature of the thermotropic process is also the variable heat capacity of the process. The gas laws of classical thermodynamics are special cases of a new process. The advantage of the new cycle model is mathematical simplicity. The initial system of equations made it possible to perform precise integration and express the equations of processes and cycles in elementary functions. Precise integration ensured high accuracy of estimation of influencing factors contained in the model and absolute convergence of thermal and material balances of the cycle. A number of elements of the theory of thermotropic processes and cycles can be used to replace isochoric-isobaric-polytropic combustion models in undergraduate and specialist studies. This is facilitated by the absence of the need for complex computer programs that significantly complicate the development of educational material. In General, models with more complex laws of heat supply can be useful for undergraduates and graduate students to pre-evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed project activities to improve the internal combustion engine.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Heat Engines and Power Plants, Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Road Transport, VlSU (Vladimir State University Named After A. G. and N. G. Stoletovs), Vladimir, Russian Federation

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